I’ve already posted in response to WadeB’s initial post. I encouraged him—as someone newly diagnosed with a “favorable intermediate-risk” prostate cancer case—to launch his PC “patient education.” We haven’t heard back from WadeB since his initial posting several days ago, but hopefully we will with some of the questions typical of newcomers. His is a case that, despite being “favorable” does likely call for treatment, but would be highly unlikely to ultimately affect his longevity in any way.
There were a couple comments made since my initial posting which might be appropriate to clarify for WadeB (or others), in the spirit of assisting in gathering a good PC patient education.
First, it’s already be clarified here that the % of cancer is on a per-core-sample basis. A biopsy cannot reveal what WadeB wrote: “
80% of my prostate has Gleason 3+4=7 adenocarcinoma.” A biopsy report will list the % cancer for each individual core. It is possible that 9 of his cores all had exactly 80% cancer; but we also know that some of his cores were benign. Prostate biopsies are just a sampling, and can be done to target areas which show up either on ultrasound or if assisted with MRI to areas of likely cancer, which of course will cause an outcome bias which
prevents meaningful extrapolation of the sample results.
The second clarification is a fine-point…but answers the question a patient with a thorough PC-education might want to know. Exactly how much of the prostate is sampled in a standard prostate biopsy? At the risk of WadeB already saying he’s adverse to statistics, here’s the math:
Today’s prostate biopsies use an 18 gauge needle, which is about the size of lead in a refillable lead pencil. The outside diameter is 1.2mm and the needle’s inside diameter is about 1.0mm; the length is 17mm but the core sample lengths are variable but typically about 15mm.
So, for ONE core sample,
Volume(1) = pi x radius^2 x length = 3.14x0.5mmx0.5mmx15mm = 12mm^3
For a standard 12 core procedure,
Volume(12) = 12mm^3 x 12 = 144mm^3
A “normal” prostate is 30g, or 30,000mm^3. So the percentage of prostate material taken in a standard 12-core biopsy using an 18 gauge needle set is (approximately):
100% x 144mm^3 / 30,000 mm^3 = 0.5%
halbert made the comment that:
halbert said...
A standard 12 core biopsy samples something like 0.1% or less of the average sized prostate
So, while it was off by a factor of about
5, the difference is probably not material for the current discussion. Some folks won't be interested in this level of detail, but for those who want to quote it, here’s the number that can be used going forward.
Post Edited (JackH) : 5/18/2016 9:50:27 AM (GMT-6)